Entrepreneurship and Its Peculiarities

Definition of Entrepreneurship The investigations around such critical element of entrepreneurial theory like entrepreneurship have been taking place for a long period of time due to inability to give one agreed definition and introduce it to a wide range of people. Basically, entrepreneurship may be defined as a powerful catalyst of economic development and growth.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Entrepreneurship and Its Peculiarities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Its ability to promote success in different spheres of life by means of competitions, innovations, and commercialisation makes the concept of entrepreneurship an important issue for consideration. Therefore, some experts admit that entrepreneurship may be discovered as a combination of innovation, growth, and strategic focus. Hisrich (2013) writes that entrepreneurship is â€Å"developing something new with value by dedicating the required time, co mmitment, and perseverance, undertaking the associated risks and rewards with the objective of achieving prosperity and wealth† (p. 7). Carland (2010) introduces entrepreneurship as â€Å"the backbone of the economy and the economic engine which is necessary to restore economic success to a nation suffering from spiralling costs and job losses† (p. 40). Considering such interpretations, entrepreneurship may be emerged as a potential growth of activities supported by innovation, strategic endeavours, and focus on what should be invented and commercialised at the same time. Myths about Entrepreneurs and Their Roles Talking about entrepreneurship, the role of the main participants of the process, entrepreneurs, cannot be omitted. An entrepreneur is a manager, who has to undertake many activities like considering innovation, making decisions, focusing an object, using different resources, promoting economic change, etc. to prove the importance of the chosen business. A good entrepreneur should have a number of qualities in order to become a true professional in the chosen sphere of business. The research tells us that people get used to think about entrepreneurs not as correct as it should really be. It is time to focus on the myths, which take place around the concept of entrepreneurship. One of the most common myths is the level of entrepreneur’s education. People say that entrepreneurs are usually the smartest and most high achieving among the rest. However, it is not actually true. As a rule, the majority of entrepreneurs have their Bachelor degrees (Malerba 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They do not find it necessary to spend much time on education but try to focus on the development of the chosen affair and rely on personal experience instead of theoretical basis. Another myth is about the way of how entrepreneurs work. It is said that entrepreneurs are born not made. Again, it is not true. It is hard to find families of entrepreneurs. As a rule, a good entrepreneur makes him/herself independently using personal interests and ideas. However, it is necessary not to confuse an individual approach for work and individualism at work. The point is that all entrepreneurs like to work in teams to achieve better results. They do not rely on their charisma. Entrepreneurship has also nothing in common with risks. Though some entrepreneurs admit that they like to put everything on risk, still, they can hardly do this because they prefer to weight all pros and cons of the chosen affair and then take a step that minimise the level of risk to zero (Burns 2011). Finally, good entrepreneurs should never be treated as undisciplined gamblers. Some people like to think that mess and rules’ breaking are the main theme in entrepreneurship. Still, there are not many entrepreneurs, who neglect discipline. In fact, d iscipline is one of the key factors of successful entrepreneurship. Psychological Traits and Behaviours of Entrepreneurs As it has been said before, entrepreneurs are not born. They are made. In fact, they are usually made of professionalism and a number of personal traits, which help to understand what should be done and how something should be analysed. Those, who believe that famous entrepreneurs like Bill Gates or Steve Jobs start working in order to become rich, will never become good entrepreneurs. The research shows that all their actions and ideas are based on their passion. It is passion that motivates ordinary managers to create something bigger; it is passion that helps to realise the most important entrepreneurial goals; it is passion that creates a fundamental basis for a future work (Hisrich 2013). Still, it is never enough to be passionate about something. The already succeeded entrepreneurs admit that self-belief plays also an important role in becoming a successful entrepreneur. Self-belief is the trait that helps entrepreneurs to understand that their ideas are right. They do not believe, they just know. Is it selfish? Yes, it is. However, it is necessary. Of course, a bit of luck is an additional factor that should go alongside with self-confidence and passion. Risk-taking attitude should be considered (Wickham 2006). It is all about the trait that is called tolerance of ambiguity. People know that a certain portion of risk exists. People understand that some challenges have to be overcome.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Entrepreneurship and Its Peculiarities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, entrepreneurs realise that their attitude to risk should be adequate – no panic, despair, nor doubts. Only belief in self, passion, and tolerance should guide to the successful final of the chosen affair. At the same time, future entrepreneurs believe in opportunit ies, which are available for them. If it is impossible to spot an opportunity, a good entrepreneur should realise how it is possible to create an opportunity. Money should not be regarded as a final stop in the development of an affair. Money should be also regarded as a measure, an opportunity to achieve something bigger. It is never necessary to stop using resources around – people, occasions, telephone calls, and even the mistakes of other people. Properly identified opportunities become good motivating factors for entrepreneurs. â€Å"Successful entrepreneurs, whatever their individual motivation – to it money, power, curiosity, or the desire for fame and recognition – try to create value and to make a contribution† (Drucker 2007, p. 31). They define a chance to get involved into entrepreneurship as an opportunity to gain control over own destiny, enjoy this life, make a difference, etc. Entrepreneurs aim at introducing innovations to people, therefor e, the role of innovation in entrepreneurship has to be evaluated as well. Entrepreneurship and Innovation Innovation performs one of the key roles in entrepreneurship. Drucker (2007) introduces innovation as â€Å"the specific tool of entrepreneurs, the means by which they exploit change as an opportunity for a different business or a different service† (p.17). Still, it is a big mistake to believe that innovation is equal to invention. Innovation does have connection to invention; but it is not enough to be an invention in order to become an innovation. Something more is needed in order to make an invention more important, more available to ordinary people, and more interesting to possible shareholders. In other words, invention should make a value for a world, and this process is called commercialisation. Therefore, innovation is a combination of invention and commercialisation. Entrepreneurship requires an idea, an invention. Still, an idea independently is cheap, this is why it needs some value, and the process of commercialisation can make an idea a profitable innovation that provides entrepreneurship with success. It is impossible to promote an idea neglecting a commercial opportunity, this is why the role of creativity in entrepreneurship turns out to be a doubtful issue. The connection between an innovation and creativity is specific indeed. Innovation as well as creativity is defined as something new for an organisation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Still, innovation may be borrowed, stole, taken, or developed. Ziegler (2011) admits that innovation is something new but not original. Creativity, in its turn, is an idea that is generated under the circumstances required for an organisation. It is a completely new idea of doing something rather than searching for an incremental change (Burns 2011). Creativity seems to be harder than innovation and more important within one particular organisation. Entrepreneurship taken more global positions and requires more confident steps even if they are small, they have to be innovating and supported by a commercial opportunity. Governmental Support of Entrepreneurial Start-Ups and High Growth Venture Governments play an important role in assisting entrepreneurs, facilitating and encouraging start-up development. At the start-up stage, government may help to set up networks, choose the most appropriate contacts, and facilitate the process of funding itself. At the high growth stage, governmen ts have all chances to assist companies with funding their own expansions. At this stage, companies are able to demonstrate their potential, opportunities, and innovations, it is high time for the government to provide a chance to earn revenues and promote further development. Governments should understand that potentially successful entrepreneurs do not find it necessary to replace or change something. As a rule, such entrepreneurs prefer to build from scratch and turn innovation into something valuable for society. Governments find it necessary to support social entrepreneurship the most as they find this type of activity crucial in discussing social problems. Social Entrepreneurship Ziegler (2011) introduces social entrepreneurship as a source of hope (p. 1) that provides people with a new chance to analyse social problems and press them within a short period of time. Promotion of social entrepreneurship requires the presence of a number of behavioural traits like confidence, the desire to make a difference, the necessity to improve something, and even the desire to gain control over something that is important for society. All these traits have been discussed in the paper. Reference List Burns, P 2011, Entrepreneurship and small business: Start-up, growth and maturity, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, Hampshire. Carland, JW 2010, ‘Entrepreneurship education: Building for the future’, Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 40-59. Drucker, P 2007, Innovation and entrepreneurship, Harper Collins, New York. Hisrich, RD 2013, Managing innovation and entrepreneurship, SAGE Publications, London. Malerba, F 2010, Knowledge intensive entrepreneurship and innovation systems: Evidence from Europe, Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon. Wickham, PA 2006, Strategic entrepreneurship, Prentice Hall, London. Ziegler, R 2011, An introduction to social entrepreneurship, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, Glos. This essay on Entrepreneurship and Its Peculiarities was written and submitted by user Nancy Lindsay to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

VoiceXML essays

VoiceXML essays The computer of the future understands what we say, will talk to us, show us images and movies, and fit in a palm. The keyboard is not a natural extension of the human body. After all, we do not communicate naturally with a keyboard, but with our voice. (Martin, 2000) World Wide Web technologies have, shifted the landscape for providers of traditional phone services to new set of customers accessing information and services through the Web. (VoiceXML Forum 2002,1). The standard coding language, Voice eXensible Markup Language (VoiceXML) allows users to interact with the Internet or an intranet using a telephone or voice browser. By enabling speech interactivity, VoiceXML literally acts as a translator that sits between the content on the Internet and the caller (us)... (Castelluccio 2002). The IDC reported that in 2000 over 1.6 billion telephones (both landline and wireless) were installed throughout the United States. By 2005, that number is expected to nearly double. Although traditional automated telephone services have been used by organizations for decades now, companies are looking towards new, improved, and less costly technology (Penumaka,6-7). With VMXL users are able to call into a voice browser by dialing a regular phone number from any wire line or wireless phone. This voice browser allows the caller to surf the Web and interact with Internet and intranet applications hosted on any Web server. An example of a typical application would be a user who requests the flight status for a specific flight by calling into the browser. The voice browser, using speech recognition, recognizes the request and translates it into a travel service providers URL. The Web server processes the request and responds with a VoiceXML page. The browser interprets this page, an d relays the flight information to the phone surfer using a prerecorded or synthesized voice. T...

Customer Involvement In The Selection Service Specifications Article

Customer Involvement In The Selection Service Specifications - Article Example Customers have expectations and those expectations can only be met if they are highly involved. High involvement allows them to specify what they really want and gives both servicer and customer the weaknesses and strengths of each specification. Providers should get customers more involved. The authors conclude that satisfaction can only be achieved if the customers get what they have specified. This can only happen if providers ask the customers what they want and do it. The main problem of this article is its language. Consider this statement: â€Å"Customers who attribute specification selection to their decisions assume responsibility for the specifications selected.† All it really says is that consumers feel responsible for the specifications they choose. Its vague wordiness defeats the purpose of publishing an article, which is to inform people. Also, the points are redundant. The authors keep restating that customers are most satisfied when they are highly involved. Then they repeat their arguments over again. The main strength is that the article provides graphs which make it easier to grasp abstract concepts. It is also helpful in summarizing their long arguments. Presenting numerous examples about customer-provider interaction was also helpful in making their points. It shows how applicable their findings are in different service situations. This article can be treated as a customer-provider interaction. Customers want to be informed but they do not want to waste time reading irrelevant or redundant data. This article can be shorted into a third of its length. Secondly, the data presented are either hypothetical or secondary which make them less predictive of actual cases. Authors should conduct their own studies in order to determine more definitely the most desirable level of customer

Writing to solve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Writing to solve - Essay Example Increased exercise and workout can result in reducing critical health issues such as obesity. Herein, it should be noted that United States is well-known all around the world as an obese nation. A large budget is spend every year for spreading awareness concerning obesity. Access to public parks can allow the government to cut down on the cost that is being accounted because of the increased prevalence of obesity in United States. Furthermore, as per the recent evaluation, it was observed by the American Journal of Preventive Medicine that if people are given access to areas and activities for physical exercise then the rate of obese people can be reduced to a high extent. At the same time, there were other results noted as well. It was observed that people who had access to public parks were able to regain their energy and remained active in their daily routine. Similarly, various researches found out that children who live closer to Public Parks are more inclined towards making physical activity their routine activity that allows them to maintain their weight right from the early age (Garvin, 2011). However, the critical aspect is that despite increased awareness concerning access to public parks and its impact of health, very few communities in United States have access to the parks. As per the statistical underpinning, the issue of lack of public parks is evident in urban areas of United States. Talking in general about New York City, less than 1.5 public parks are available per 1000 citizens. It is due to this condition that people ignore the significance of undertaking daily exercise. Also, low-income citizens are not able to afford expensive memberships of gyms (Maron, 2013). The major issue or barrier that has been noticed in the planning of public parks is the increased parking lots that take up a lot of area in urban areas such as New York City. Therefore, it is suggested that the high towers such as Corrigan

African American In The 1920s Essay Example for Free

African American In The 1920s Essay The 1920s were a time of struggle, pride, fear, and creativity for African Americans. Following WWI, blacks fought for the conditions and rights that they were given while fighting in Europe. They fought through countless riots and murders to push for equality. They migrated across the country to escape the horrid conditions of the South. They created an entirely new cultural movement that spread like wild fire. African Americans of the 1920s created a momentous movement of political and cultural dominance that would eventually lead to their freedom. The Post World War I era was a difficult, yet prideful time for African Americans. While African Americans were fighting abroad, they were treated as equals to whites in Europe. Due to American generals refusing to command blacks, African Americans fought side by side with black and white French soldiers under French command. In addition, there were a few all black regiments, the most well known being the 369th Colored Infantry (p. 8). Upon returning home in November of 1918, African Americans faced â€Å"contradictory feelings of hope and frustration† (p. 7). They expected to be praised and rewarded for their sacrifices made during the war; however, they were met with nearly the opposite. This new mood among the African Americans became Flowers 1 known as the â€Å"New Negro. † Coined by black journalists, this term described the new attitude of post-war blacks and their will to fight against the white oppression. Unfortunately, the American public treated them the same as before the war. African American soldiers were in shock from the striking contrast of black social conditions between America and Europe. While the whites were praised for their sacrifices, the blacks were not. In one case, however, on February 7, 1919, a few thousand black soldiers marched through Manhattan, and were praised by both blacks and whites alike; however, most white Americans didn’t feel the same as those in New York. With blacks having a strong hope for equality, and whites having a strong fear of this equality, America was set up for some of the best and worst events of the 1920s. The â€Å"Red Summer†, coined by James Weldon Johnson, was a summer of hate crimes, violence, and even murder. On several occasions, both blacks and whites ended up injuring and killing one another. African Americans began to assert their new hope of equality. The first instance of this new attitude occurred in Charleston, South Carolina, when sailors killed a black civilian. A large fight broke out and several people, both blacks and whites, were killed. Riots began to appear throughout America. The worst riot broke out in Chicago and lasted five days. It all began when an African American swimmer drifted into waters between segregated beaches. A white man threw a rock at him and the black man ended up drowning. White police officers did nothing to arrest the white man. As the news spread, gang related violence quickly began to spread throughout neighborhoods. As tensions grew stronger, the violent crimes Flowers 2 became worse. Eventually, a mass riot broke out. Policemen fired upon several black men, and several thousand men became involved. In the end, 23 blacks and 15 whites were killed, and many more were injured. Unfortunately, the majority of the media downplayed these riots to try and keep everyone else under control, but The Crisis, the primary newspaper for the NAACP, published nearly every event, both good and bad. Over the summer, many other instances of violence occurred, leading to the Great Migration (p. 7-15) The lives of African Americans significantly changed during the 1920s. A large contributor to these changes was the mass migration of African Americans to the North and West known as the Great Migration. African Americans despised the Jim Crow laws, and tried everything in their power to either change or escape them. Many blacks living in the South gained much economic success after migrating to the North. Not only did the blacks want to migrate to the North for economic and civil gains, but they also wanted to escape the worsening conditions in the South caused by the Boll Weevil plague that ruined the cotton industry (p. 23-24). Upon arriving in the North, blacks began to build up their community. They built their own churches, which were significantly different from white churches. Their churches became a part of their lives, and became their community. The YMCA and the YWCA also began during this time period, promoting community as well. Western black immigrants came primarily from places like Jamaica, and were fairly new to the oppression of the whites in America. Because of this, they were not as afraid to start up new things. Flowers 3 On the political side of events, the NAACP was on the rise. By 1919, the NAACP had become the leading organization for black civil rights. Led by W. E. B. Du Bois, the NAACP constantly challenged â€Å"segregation and political equality. † (p. 57) A major success of this organization was the push for the Dyer Antilynching Bill. Even though the bill was never successfully passed, it brought lynching to the attention of the public, and eventually reduced the number of lynchings significantly (p. 60-63). While African Americans fought to make conditions better for themselves, some conditions remained poor. Some blacks began purchasing homes in â€Å"white† neighborhoods, but were faced with violence, especially from the rising Ku Klux Klan; therefore, ending the housing segregation quickly gained importance (p. 66-68). The white schools were far superior, due to the much higher wages and funding provided. In Southern states, studies showed that white teachers were paid nearly four times as much as black teachers, and the black school sizes and facilities were vastly inferior (p. 68). A third problem was the constant fight against the judicial system. On several occasions, blacks were wrongly accused of crimes, even when there was little to no evidence to prove anything at all. For example, two black men in Kentucky ended up in court for raping a white woman on â€Å"the flimsiest of evidence. † Even though no one identified the men, the all white jury spent just fifteen minutes to find them guilty, and the men were sentenced to death (p. 68). Aside from the political issues, African Americans in the North began a mass movement of cultural expansion, including literature, music, and art. This Flowers 4 movement became known as the Harlem Renaissance. The precursor to this movement was the Marcus Garvey movement. Garvey pushed for blacks to â€Å"reject the white society and build a separate life. † (p. 77) He believed that blacks should never conform to white society. He also led the somewhat unsuccessful â€Å"Back to Africa† movement, which was an attempt to have all blacks leave the country and live in Liberia instead. Following the Marcus Garvey movement was the well-known Harlem Renaissance. Even though renaissance is in the name, this movement was more of a birth than a rebirth. It all began during the Great Migration. As thousands of African Americans migrated to the North, many ended up settling in Harlem. This three square mile area became the largest concentration of black people in the world. Following the war, many writers celebrated this new life in the North, and praised the better conditions of the North in their writing. Many hoped that this mass outpouring of literature would â€Å"break down the walls of prejudice. † (p. 80) The most popular of these writers was the African American poet, Langston Hughes. Today, much of his work is considered classic literature. In addition to the mass influx of African American literature, jazz music was on the rise (p. 83-86) Jazz became a symbol of African Americans and the Harlem Renaissance. This product of music pulled concepts from â€Å"African rhythms, blues chord progressions, church spirituals, European melodies, and American marching band instrumentation. † (p. 86) Probably the most well known musician from this era was the trumpeter, Louis Armstrong. Even though jazz originated in New Orleans, it quickly spread to the East coast and eventually to Harlem. The Flowers 5 literature produced in Harlem was by far more successful than jazz, but there was certainly no shortage of jazz in Harlem. Both the jazz and literary greats became idols to many African Americans. They created a wave of inspiration in the black community that quickly spread throughout certain areas of America. The African American community fought through violence, held their pride, and created an entire cultural movement. Through the idea of the â€Å"New Negro† to the eventual Harlem Renaissance, African Americans became stronger and bolder in fighting against whites. Through the NAACP, African Americans gained a stronger stance in politics than ever before. Through riots, beatings, and even deaths, African Americans fought to be treated equally to whites, and paved the way for their eventual freedom and equality.

New technologies dismiss social relationships Essay examples -- Tech

In this fast-changing world, new technologies have become essential in societies and have an impact on everyone’s life. This process of â€Å"technologization† has grown exponentially since the nineties and the beginning of the Internet, which has significantly decreased boundaries of communication. Some expert agreed that new technologies would make communication and exchange easier, and thus give an incentive to communicate with other people. However, those change have caused communication to change and people have totally change their way to communicate. Ever since people have become increasingly dependent on those technologies because they only see their advantages and convenience for everyday life. New technologies dismiss social relations; due to the way people use them. This paper will argue that an excessive use of new technologies can damage people’s social interactions, which in term might cause numerous social issues. To support this argument, three reasons will be approached: the first part will explain how new technologies make people more selfish and individual by explaining online communication issues; second, people rely so much on new technologies that there has been an increase in technological addiction which turn people into technological aliens. To finish, advanced technologies change people’s behavior in their everyday life; here, the fact that virtual life comes over real life will be developing. This research will demonstrate how new technologies dismiss social relationships by comparing and analyzing different academic sources. In order to proceed, the word communication needs to be defined. According to the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, communication is the process by which people exchange... ...umà ©riques, Des Enfants Mutants ??" Sciences Humaines [France] Oct. 2013: 35-37. Print. Kelion, Leo. "Hannah Smith Death: Father Says Daughter Was Victim of Cyberbullies." BBC News. BBC, 08 June 2013. Web. 27 Nov. 2013. Kudler, Amanda. "Video Games Timeline." Infoplease. Infoplease, 2007. Web. 24 Nov. 2013. Netburn, Deborah. "The Business and Culture of Our Digital Lives." N.p., July 2011. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. Soong, Jennifer. "When Technology Addiction Takes Over Your Life." WebMD. WebMD, June 2008. Web. 24 Nov. 2013. Tong, Krystel. "Social Networking Leads to Social Isolation." Prezi.com. Prezi.com, Apr. 2013. Web. 27 Nov. 2013. Turkle, Sherry. "Sherry Turkle: Connected, but Alone?" TED: Ideas worth Spreading. TED, Feb. 2012. Web. 27 Nov. 2013. Young, Kimberley. "Gà ©nà ©rations Numà ©riques, Des Enfants Mutants ?" Science Humaines [France] Oct. 2013: 52-55. Print.

Fundamental Attribution Error Essay

The fundamental attribution error is when a person overestimates the influence of another person’s personality over a remark or behavior rather than giving credit to the influence the situation may have on the person. A famous experiment demonstrating this â€Å"error† was conducted by David Napolitan and George Goethals. In this experiment, they instructed a woman to act either rude and critical, or warm and friendly to each person individually. Half of the group was told that the woman would be acting spontaneously, and the other half was let in on the experiment. The result was that the assumptions about her personality did not change even though half the group had known that she was an actor. Each group assumed that because the woman behaved coldly, her personality was so. Even the group who was told that her behavior was situational had still believed that she was warm and friendly because of the way she was acting in the situation. Many times, we find that we commit this error. If we simply looked at a situation from the other person’s point of view, perhaps they were having a bad day; we would then understand their behavior and perhaps even become sympathetic toward them. This relates to me because I tend to make this error a lot throughout the day. Many times, however, it has to do with my situation as well. For example, if I am having a bad day, it makes me harder to sympathize and/or understand when someone else is having a bad day. It’s like I don’t see it. Their bad attitude is just like another notch of bad onto the belt of bad day: another thing that went wrong. However, if I stop to think about why this person is so snappy, I might be able to see that it is not just the type of person that they are, but it is perhaps the situation that they were put in.